What is Fourth Generation Language?

    Fourth Generation Computer Language, commonly known as 4GL, is a type of programming language that is designed to be closer to human language and easier to use compared to earlier generations of programming languages. Unlike the first three generations, where programmers had to write detailed step-by-step instructions, 4GL focuses on what needs to be done rather than how to do it.

    4GLs are mostly non-procedural, meaning the user simply states the desired result and the language automatically determines the steps needed to achieve it. This makes development faster, simpler, and more user-friendly, even for people with limited programming knowledge. For example, instead of writing hundreds of lines of code, in 4GL you may just write a simple command to get the required output.

    These languages are widely used in database management, report generation, data analysis, and application development. Examples of 4GL include SQL (Structured Query Language), Oracle Reports, MATLAB, and some query-based tools.

    The main advantages of 4GL are faster application development, reduced coding effort, higher productivity, and easier maintenance. However, they may not be as flexible or efficient for complex system programming. Overall, 4GL played an important role in making programming more accessible and business-oriented. 

characteristics of Fourth Generation Languages (4GLs):

Non-Procedural Nature – Users focus on what to do rather than how to do it.
High-Level Abstraction – Closer to human language, easier to understand.
User-Friendly Syntax – Simple commands, less coding compared to 3GLs.
Database Orientation – Widely used in database querying, reporting, and management.
Rapid Application Development – Faster coding and reduced development time.
Productivity-Oriented – Helps programmers and even non-programmers work efficiently.
Reduced Program Length – A single statement can replace many lines of lower-level code.
Business and Data Focused – Mainly used for business applications, reports, and decision-making.
Portability – Programs can be easily adapted across systems.
Less Technical Knowledge Required – Even users with limited programming background can use 4GL tools. 

Here are some examples of Fourth Generation Languages (4GLs):

SQL (Structured Query Language) – used to manage and query databases.
Oracle Reports / Oracle Forms – tools for database applications.
MATLAB – used for mathematical computations and simulations.
Focus – a 4GL for building database applications.
SAS (Statistical Analysis System) – for data analysis and business intelligence.
Informix-4GL – used in database-driven applications.
ABAP (Advanced Business Application Programming) – used in SAP environments.
FoxPro – database management and development tool.
SQL (Structured Query Language) – used to manage and query databases.
Oracle Reports / Oracle Forms – tools for database applications.
MATLAB – used for mathematical computations and simulations.
Focus – a 4GL for building database applications.
SAS (Statistical Analysis System) – for data analysis and business intelligence.
Informix-4GL – used in database-driven applications.
ABAP (Advanced Business Application Programming) – used in SAP environments.
FoxPro – database management and development tool.